Polonnaruwa, the second ancient capital of Sri Lanka, stands as a magnificent testament to the island’s medieval brilliance, architectural mastery, and cultural refinement. Flourishing between the 11th and 13th centuries under kings such as Parakramabahu the Great, Polonnaruwa showcases a golden era of urban planning, irrigation, and art. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is a living museum of ancient ruins — from the majestic Royal Palace Complex and Gal Vihara’s serene rock-carved Buddha statues to the grand Lankathilaka Image House and Rankoth Vehera Stupa. Each monument tells a story of devotion, craftsmanship, and innovation. Polonnaruwa is also known for the Parakrama Samudraya, a vast man-made reservoir built to sustain agriculture and symbolize the kingdom’s prosperity. Surrounded by lush greenery, monkeys, and tranquil lakes, the ancient city harmoniously blends nature with history. Visitors can explore the ruins by bicycle or foot, tracing the footsteps of Sri Lanka’s ancient kings and monks. Polonnaruwa offers not just a glimpse into the past — but a timeless experience of spiritual calm and artistic grandeur.
